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mysql的四种启动方式:
1、Mysqld
启动mysql服务器:./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root
客户端连接:
mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
or
mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock

2、mysqld_safe
启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root &
客户端连接:
mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
or
mysql -S /tm/mysql.sock

3、mysql.server
cp -v /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/
chkconfig --add mysql.server
启动mysql服务器:service mysql.server {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}
客户端连接:同1、2

4、mysqld_multi
mkdir $MYSQL_BASE/data2
cat <<-EOF>> /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld    = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /user/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = mysqladmin
password = mysqladmin

[mysqld3306]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
pid-file    = /tmp/mysql3306.pid
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
basedir        = /usr/local/mysql
datadir        = /usr/local/mysql/data

[mysqld3307]
port            = 3307
socket          = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
pid-file    = /tmp/mysql3307.pid
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
basedir        = /usr/local/mysql
datadir        = /usr/local/mysql/data2
EOF

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'mysqladmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mysqladmin' with grant option;

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql>GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'mysqladmin'@'localhost' identified by 'mysqladmin' with grant option;

启动mysql服务器:./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf start 3306-3307
关闭mysql服务器:mysqladmin shutdown